In programming, data type is an important concept.
Variables can store data of different types, and different types can do different things.
Python has the following data types built-in by default, in these categories:
| Text Type: | str |
| Numeric Types: | int, float,
complex |
| Sequence Types: | list, tuple,
range |
| Mapping Type: | dict |
| Set Types: | set, frozenset |
| Boolean Type: | bool |
| Binary Types: | bytes, bytearray,
memoryview |
| None Type: | NoneType |
You can get the data type of any object by using the type() function:
Print the data type of the variable x:
x = 5
print(type(x))
In Python, the data type is set when you assign a value to a variable:
| Example | Data Type | |
|---|---|---|
| x = "Hello World" | str | |
| x = 20 | int | |
| x = 20.5 | float | |
| x = 1j | complex | |
| x = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"] | list | |
| x = ("apple", "banana", "cherry") | tuple | |
| x = range(6) | range | |
| x = {"name" : "John", "age" : 36} | dict | |
| x = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"} | set | |
| x = frozenset({"apple", "banana", "cherry"}) | frozenset | |
| x = True | bool | |
| x = b"Hello" | bytes | |
| x = bytearray(5) | bytearray | |
| x = memoryview(bytes(5)) | memoryview | |
| x = None | NoneType |
If you want to specify the data type, you can use the following constructor functions:
| Example | Data Type | |
|---|---|---|
| x = str("Hello World") | str | |
| x = int(20) | int | |
| x = float(20.5) | float | |
| x = complex(1j) | complex | |
| x = list(("apple", "banana", "cherry")) | list | |
| x = tuple(("apple", "banana", "cherry")) | tuple | |
| x = range(6) | range | |
| x = dict(name="John", age=36) | dict | |
| x = set(("apple", "banana", "cherry")) | set | |
| x = frozenset(("apple", "banana", "cherry")) | frozenset | |
| x = bool(5) | bool | |
| x = bytes(5) | bytes | |
| x = bytearray(5) | bytearray | |
| x = memoryview(bytes(5)) | memoryview |